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Gay in America

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  • 17 articles publiés
  • 14 commentaires postés
  • 1 visiteur aujourd'hui
  • Créé le : 15/11/2010 07:34
    Modifié : 28/01/2011 15:43

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    [ Partie B ] [ Partie A ] [ intro ]

    2.2.2. Ending the ”Don't Ask, Don't Tell” law in 2010

    26/01/2011 19:43

    2.2.2. Ending the ”Don't Ask, Don't Tell” law in 2010


     image : Lots of cartoons have been made about the repeal of the law. (http://www.cagle.com/news/DADT10/main.asp, retrieved 21.1.2011)

     

     One of the president Barack Obama's campaing pledges was to end the ”Don't Ask, Don't Tell” policy, though

     he offered no timetable nor specifics for acting on that promise. Obama has said that we shouldn't punish the

    patriotic Americans, who are willing to serve their country, though he also admitted that the progress could take

     longer than one would like (The Huffington, Post Jan. 10th 2009).

     

    The major issue on the debates has been that ending the ”Don't Ask, Don't Tell” wont affect the military readiness

     and morale. The Senate Armed Services Committee held two days of hearings, which conclusion was that a

    repeal of the ban ”would present a low risk to the military's effectiveness even during a time of war” said Sen.

     

    Carl Devin, who chaired the panel.

    The Don't Ask Don't Tell policy was finally ended on 22th December 2010, when president Barack Obama

    signed the repeal. ”I say to all Americans, gay or straight, who want nothing more than to defend this

    country in uniform, your country needs you, your country wants you, and we will be honored to welcome

     you into the ranks of the finest military the world has ever known,” Obama said (The Washington Post,

    Dec. 22th 2010).

     

    http://psychology.ucdavis.edu/rainbow/html/military_history.html (retrieved December 30th 2010)

    http://www.soulforce.org/article/808 (retrieved December 30th 2010)

    http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/story/2010/12/18/ST2010121803394.html?sid=ST2010121803394 (retrieved December 31th 2010)

    http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/politics/dont-ask-dont-tell-timeline/ (retrieved December 31th 2010)

    http://www.cmrlink.org/HMilitary.asp?docID=336 (retrieved December 31th 2010)

    http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/10/10/obama-says-he-will-end-do_n_316524.html (retrieved January 14th 2011)

    http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Military/2010/1218/In-historic-vote-Senate-moves-to-end-don-t-ask-don-t-tell (retrieved January 14th 2011)






    2.3 Homosexuals and Religion

    26/01/2011 20:06

    2.3 Homosexuals and Religion


    image :  There's a lot of cartoons which make fun of the religious attitudes (www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/gri/lowres/grin5710.jpg, retrieved 12.1.2011).


    The issue of homosexuality is the most divisive subject in religious world today. Especially in Christianity, which

    is the main religion in the United States of America.

    Homosexuality was not uncommon in ancient cultures, though the forms and views of homosexual behavior were

    very different. In most of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, both the subject and the behaviour were considered

    taboo. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans were generally accepting of homosexual behavior within

    certain contexts. Hinduism and Buddhism tended to view homosexuality primarily from the standpoint of its

    karmic effects, with varying conclusions.

    Jewish, Christian, Sikh and Muslim cultures have generally considered homosexual behaviour sinful. Many Jewish

     and Christian leaders, however, have gone to great lengths to make clear that it is only the homosexual acts that

    is condemned, not the homosexual people. Some liberal strands of both mainstream Protestant Christianity and

    Reform Judaism even advocate the full acceptance of homosexuals and their relationships.

    The largest religion in the United States of America is Christianity (in 2002 82% of habitants). What is considered

     right and wrong depends on the differend points of view. The Christian point of view is based on the Bible.

     For the Christian, the Bible is the final authority for both belief and behaviour. In the USA and UK, there are

    even ”boot camps” where homosexual people can ”overcome their gayness”. (The Times 8th Oct. 2008)

    The Christian religion in general regards homosexual behaviour as sinful. For example, the Free Methodist Church

     does not support of homosexual behavior because the Bible says it's sinful. There are two particularly important

    extrait. Firsts are prohibitons in Leviticus 18:22 and 20:13, which declare that for a man to ”lie with a male as

    though lying with a woman” is ”an abdomination” and ”detestable act”. The second set is the Apostole Paul's

    references to same-sex intercourse. He regards the homosexual behavious ”gross and deliberate human sin”.

    http://www.religionfacts.com/homosexuality/index.htm (retrieved December 31th 2010)

    http://www.adherents.com/rel_USA.html (retrieved January 2nd 2011)

    http://www.freemethodistchurch.org/Sections/About%20Us/Beliefs/Christian%20Life/Christian%20Conduct/Christian%20Conduct%203.htm#Homosexual (retrieved January 2nd 2011)

    http://www.leaderu.com/theology/biblehomosex_overview.html (retrieved January 7th 2011)

    http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article4893735.ece (retrieved January 13th 2011)







    2.4 Homosexuals in Media

    26/01/2011 20:14

    2.4 Homosexuals in Media


    image :  Harvey Milk, a gay rights activist (http://latinolikeme.wordpress.com/2008/11/, retrieved 12.1.2011)

     

    Analysts said that even if the representation of gays has made considerable progress on television and film, the

    lives of gays and lesbians is still systematically obscured or distorted in the mledia.

    In the press:

    In 1998, Lisa Bennett published the results of a study that lists 50 years of coverage of issues relating to

    homosexuality in The Times and Newsweek. The results concluded that in the news media reinforce prejudice

    and discrimination against gays and lesbians and often combine them without evidence of criminal or deviant

    behavior. The media also often repeated offensive or homophobic comments. She said also that in general, the

    media strengthened the idea that gays and lesbians were, by definition, inferior.

     

    Before the beginning of the homosexuals protest movements in the 1970s, they appeared  rarely in the headlines

    of the news. In the 1980s, when the emergence of AIDS had become a public health issue, the coverage had

    become more important and more negative: gay men were often presented as serious dangers to society.

    Today: An article published in July 2001 in “A rayons ouverts” (the newspaper of the National

     Library of Canada) reveals that there still is a great improvement in the coverage of the gay theme.

     Today, the media publishes annually more than 400 articles dealing with issues and themes related

    to gays, then we published in a fortnight a year, all newspapers combined, in the eighties.

    Moreover, the tone of these articles has greatly changed over the years, becoming more objective

     or friendly.






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